Skip to Content

Controlled Environment Agriculture (CEA) Policy Guide: Benchmarking, Rate Design, Water Efficiency, and Additional Policies

The controlled environment agriculture (CEA) sector is growing rapidly in the United States. As CEA expands, resource efficiency has become a key consideration for stakeholders. Increasing the avai…

The controlled environment agriculture (CEA) sector is growing rapidly in the United States. As CEA expands, resource efficiency has become a key consideration for stakeholders. Increasing the availability of data on resource usage and improving resource efficiency in the sector can enhance the potential of CEA to contribute to food system resilience and economic growth in urban and rural communities.

This guide provides an overview of the current policy landscape for CEA, challenges faced by the CEA sector, and policy options available for establishing resource efficiency as a priority in the growing CEA market. This guidance is based on the work of ACEEE and the Resource Innovation Institute (RII) in the resource efficiency space and is informed by discussions with a working group of CEA sector and subject-matter experts.

View our companion building energy codes and industry standards guide

Related Resources

Bridging the Equity Gap for Utility Energy Efficiency Programs
equity
  • Research Report
  • Affordability and Energy Equity
  • Energy Efficiency Policy
  • Homes and Buildings
  • Utilities and the Power Sector
  • Bridging the Equity Gap for Utility Energy Efficiency Programs

    Utility energy efficiency programs have increased investment in low-income households, but significant gaps remain. This report examines spending and savings trends across 48 major U.S. utilities, identifies barriers to expanding low-income programs and highlights policies and program strategies that can improve energy affordability and equitable access to efficiency upgrades.

    Jul 31, 2026

    Efficiency Saves: Cutting Energy Waste Can Save $31,000 per Household
    An Indian couple sitting on a couch looking at energy bills.
  • Research Report
  • Energy Efficiency Policy
  • Homes and Buildings
  • Efficiency Saves: Cutting Energy Waste Can Save $31,000 per Household

    The United States faces interlocking energy challenges: rising home energy bills and gasoline prices; new demand for electricity from data centers and other loads; high greenhouse gas emissions from burning fossil fuels. 

    Now, a new era of energy efficiency progress in our buildings, transportation, and industry is needed to meet this moment. This wide-ranging study finds a massive opportunity.

    Jul 27, 2026

    Support the Work That Makes Energy Go Further

    ACEEE’s independent research and advocacy depend on the support of foundations, businesses, and individuals committed to cutting energy bills, waste, and climate pollution.