Roadmap to Energy in the Water and Wastewater Industry

R. Neal Elliott

August 2005

Abstract

Municipal water supply and wastewater treatment (W&WW) systems are among the most energy-intensive facilities owned and operated by local governments, accounting for about 35% of energy used by municipalities. Water and wastewater treatment and distribution in the United States is estimated to consume 50,000 GWh, representing 1.4 percent of the total national electricity consumption, and cost over $4 billion annually. However, according to EPA's ENERGY STAR® program, 10 percent savings can readily be achieved in this area.

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38 pp., 2005, $25.00, IE054