ACEEE'S GRAPEVINE ONLINE
May 3, 2004
STATES STRIVE TO FILL THE "EFFICIENCY GAP"
With federal leadership faltering, states are showing the way for
energy efficiency policy. Congress seems unable to pass a comprehensive
energy bill with robust efficiency policies. The Administration
is eroding funding support for many core energy efficiency programs.
Meanwhile:
- Natural
gas prices saw all-time highs this winter, as North American production
capacity fell short of rising demand.
- Gasoline
prices at the pump are the highest in over 20 years, driven by
rising oil imports and worsening fuel economy.
- Electricity
costs in many states are going up, just in time for the summer
cooling season.
- A year
after the worst blackout in U.S. history, the reliability of our
electricity system is still in jeopardy.
- Almost
half of the American people live in areas that fail air quality
standards.
- Growing
signs of climate change threaten economies and ecosystems in the
United States and abroad.
Some states aren't waiting on Washington:
- Massachusetts,
Oregon, and California have instituted natural gas utility efficiency
programs.
- California
and New York are developing tailpipe standards for carbon dioxide,
which will help cut oil consumption.
- Twenty
states are operating public benefits funds that reduce electricity
bills.
- Maryland
and Connecticut have passed appliance efficiency standards that
will save substantial amounts of electricity.
- New England
states are planning ways to use energy efficiency and distributed
generation to keep the transmission grid in shape.
- New York,
Texas, and California are instituting new interconnection and
electric rate policies for high-efficiency combined heat and power
systems.
- Texas is
using energy efficiency policies to address its air quality problems.
- Nine northeastern
states have formed the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI,
or "Reggie") to develop a mandatory cap-and-trade policy for carbon
emissions. Similar efforts are underway on the West Coast.
ACEEE has documented this kind of leadership in Energy Efficiency's
Next Generation: Innovation at the State Level http://aceee.org/pubs/e031full.pdf.
As it happens, state leadership in efficiency policy has a long
history. In 1974, California issued the nation's first building
energy code and began setting appliance standards. That may be why
Californians now use the same amount of electricity per capita (about
7,000 kilowatt-hours) as they did in 1974, while the average usage
for all Americans has shot up from 7,500 to over 12,000 kilowatt-hours.
If the nation had followed California's example, our power bills
would be lower, our air cleaner, and our power systems more reliable.
Even during the California electricity crisis of 20002001, it was
the extraordinary energy efficiency measures taken by the state
that "took the wind out of" the electricity market, to quote David
Freeman, then Chairman of the California Power Authority.
Energy efficiency is a bipartisan affair. Republicans like Governor
Pataki in New York, Governor Schwartzenegger in California, and
Governor Perry in Texas have joined with Democrats like Governor
McGreevey in New Jersey, Governor Richardson in New Mexico, and
Governor Locke in Washington state in making strong commitments
to energy efficiency as core elements of their energy and environmental
policy. Governor Pataki has won national awards for his efficiency
leadership; other emerging champions include Governor Granholm in
Michigan, Governor Romney in Massachusetts, Governor Pawlenty in
Minnesota, and Governor Doyle in Wisconsin. They see efficiency
as a cost-effective, clean, job-creating, good-for-business policy.
Perhaps in time our leaders in Washington, D.C. will take heed and
put energy efficiency high on the national agenda again.
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