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About ACEEE --> ACEEE Newsletters --> Issue #3 --> Article #1

May 3, 2004

STATES STRIVE TO FILL THE "EFFICIENCY GAP"

With federal leadership faltering, states are showing the way for energy efficiency policy. Congress seems unable to pass a comprehensive energy bill with robust efficiency policies. The Administration is eroding funding support for many core energy efficiency programs. Meanwhile:

  • Natural gas prices saw all-time highs this winter, as North American production capacity fell short of rising demand.
  • Gasoline prices at the pump are the highest in over 20 years, driven by rising oil imports and worsening fuel economy.
  • Electricity costs in many states are going up, just in time for the summer cooling season.
  • A year after the worst blackout in U.S. history, the reliability of our electricity system is still in jeopardy.
  • Almost half of the American people live in areas that fail air quality standards.
  • Growing signs of climate change threaten economies and ecosystems in the United States and abroad.

Some states aren't waiting on Washington:

  • Massachusetts, Oregon, and California have instituted natural gas utility efficiency programs.
  • California and New York are developing tailpipe standards for carbon dioxide, which will help cut oil consumption.
  • Twenty states are operating public benefits funds that reduce electricity bills.
  • Maryland and Connecticut have passed appliance efficiency standards that will save substantial amounts of electricity.
  • New England states are planning ways to use energy efficiency and distributed generation to keep the transmission grid in shape.
  • New York, Texas, and California are instituting new interconnection and electric rate policies for high-efficiency combined heat and power systems.
  • Texas is using energy efficiency policies to address its air quality problems.
  • Nine northeastern states have formed the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI, or "Reggie") to develop a mandatory cap-and-trade policy for carbon emissions. Similar efforts are underway on the West Coast.

ACEEE has documented this kind of leadership in Energy Efficiency's Next Generation: Innovation at the State Level http://aceee.org/pubs/e031full.pdf.

As it happens, state leadership in efficiency policy has a long history. In 1974, California issued the nation's first building energy code and began setting appliance standards. That may be why Californians now use the same amount of electricity per capita (about 7,000 kilowatt-hours) as they did in 1974, while the average usage for all Americans has shot up from 7,500 to over 12,000 kilowatt-hours. If the nation had followed California's example, our power bills would be lower, our air cleaner, and our power systems more reliable. Even during the California electricity crisis of 2000–2001, it was the extraordinary energy efficiency measures taken by the state that "took the wind out of" the electricity market, to quote David Freeman, then Chairman of the California Power Authority.

Energy efficiency is a bipartisan affair. Republicans like Governor Pataki in New York, Governor Schwartzenegger in California, and Governor Perry in Texas have joined with Democrats like Governor McGreevey in New Jersey, Governor Richardson in New Mexico, and Governor Locke in Washington state in making strong commitments to energy efficiency as core elements of their energy and environmental policy. Governor Pataki has won national awards for his efficiency leadership; other emerging champions include Governor Granholm in Michigan, Governor Romney in Massachusetts, Governor Pawlenty in Minnesota, and Governor Doyle in Wisconsin. They see efficiency as a cost-effective, clean, job-creating, good-for-business policy. Perhaps in time our leaders in Washington, D.C. will take heed and put energy efficiency high on the national agenda again.

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